上面介绍了Spring Batch的基本概念和简单的demo项目,显然这些还是不够实际使用的。下面我们来更多的代码实践。
在上面的基础项目上面,我们来更多的修改:
不用项目默认的hsql DB,用mysql,让ItemReader,ItemWriter 支持mysql;
支持处理结果自定义保存到数据库,我们用项目里面的JPA;
让Quartz来定时调用spring batch的Job
可以读取文件,而不只是数据库;
下面开始动手。
修改pom.xml,节选部分,实在太长了。
<spring.framework.version>3.2.0.RELEASE</spring.framework.version>
<spring.batch.version>2.1.7.RELEASE</spring.batch.version> <!-- 这个的版本和quartz的版本要注意,不然很容易在运行的时候出错 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.23</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2.RELEASE.rebuild</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>3.6.10.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>3.6.10.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
launch-context.xml定义需要用到的bean,
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="spring" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaDialect">
<bean class="com.test.batch.CustomHibernateJpaDialect" />
</property>
<property name="loadTimeWeaver">
<bean
class="org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testbatch?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="customerMapper" class="com.test.batch.CustomerMapper"></bean>
<bean id="lineTokenizer" class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.DelimitedLineTokenizer"></bean>
<!-- 这个可以让spring batch和hibernate共用
<bean id="itemReader"
class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.HibernateCursorItemReader">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
<property name="queryString" value="from CustomerCredit" />
</bean>
-->
<bean id="itemReaderFile" class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.FlatFileItemReader" scope="step">
<property name="lineMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.mapping.DefaultLineMapper">
<property name="lineTokenizer" ref="lineTokenizer"/>
<property name="fieldSetMapper" ref="customerMapper"/>
</bean>
</property>
<!-- <property name="resource" value="file:#{jobParameters['customFileAbPath']}"/> 配置读取文件的路径,我固定了 -->
<property name="resource" value="file:D:/temp/testdata.txt"/>
</bean>
<bean id="itemReader" class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcCursorItemReader">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="sql" value="select ID, NAME, CREDIT from CUSTOMER"/>
<property name="rowMapper">
<bean class="com.test.batch.CustomerCreditRowMapper"/>
</property>
<property name="fetchSize" value="100"></property>
<property name="maxRows" value="10000"></property>
</bean>
<jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource">
<!-- <jdbc:script location="${batch.schema.script}" /> -->
<jdbc:script location="org/springframework/batch/core/schema-drop-mysql.sql" />
<jdbc:script location="org/springframework/batch/core/schema-mysql.sql" />
</jdbc:initialize-database
<!-- batch:job-repository id="jobRepository" / -->
<batch:job-repository id="jobRepository"
data-source="dataSource" transaction-manager="transactionManager"
isolation-level-for-create="SERIALIZABLE" table-prefix="BATCH_" />
<!-- 下面是Quartz调用spring batch 的job要用到的 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list><ref bean="scheduledTrigger"></ref></list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="scheduledTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
<property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail"/>
<property name="cronExpression">
<value>*/10 * * * * ?</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="jobClass" value="com.test.batch.JobLauncherDetails" />
<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="jobName" value="job1" /> <!--指定jobID -->
<entry key="jobLocator" value-ref="jobRegistry" />
<entry key="jobLauncher" value-ref="jobLauncher" />
<entry key="param1" value="p1" />
<entry key="param2" value="p2" />
</map>
</property>
<property name="durability" value="true" />
</bean>
<bean id="jobLauncher"
class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
<property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
</bean>
<bean
class="org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.support.JobRegistryBeanPostProcessor">
<property name="jobRegistry" ref="jobRegistry" />
</bean>
<bean id="jobRegistry" class="org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.support.MapJobRegistry" />
<import resource="classpath:/META-INF/spring/module-context.xml" />
有几个定制的东西,需要说下。
我们用到的domain对象是这样的,很多不必要的都省略了
@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
public class CustomerCredit {
public static final String TABLE_NAME = "customer";
@Column(name = "name", nullable = true, length = 12)
private String name;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "credit", nullable = true, precision = 15, scale = 2)
private BigDecimal credit;
FlatFileItemReader 使用默认的DefaultLineMapper,里面指定了lineTokenizer和fieldSetMapper,就是说要怎么读一行行的数据,读了之后怎么和Bean的字段Mapper,这样后面的步骤好继续处理。
public class CustomerMapper implements FieldSetMapper<CustomerCredit> {
@Override
public CustomerCredit mapFieldSet(FieldSet fieldSet) throws BindException {
CustomerCredit lv = new CustomerCredit();
lv.setId(Integer.parseInt(fieldSet.readString(0)));
lv.setName(fieldSet.readString(1));
lv.setCredit(fieldSet.readBigDecimal(2));
return lv;
}
}
如果是读数据库呢?就是下面那个JdbcCursorItemReader,里面指定了dataSource,sql,rowMapper,这些都类似文件
public class CustomerCreditRowMapper implements RowMapper {
public static final String ID_COLUMN = "id";
public static final String NAME_COLUMN = "name";
public static final String CREDIT_COLUMN = "credit";
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
CustomerCredit customerCredit = new CustomerCredit();
customerCredit.setId(rs.getInt(ID_COLUMN));
customerCredit.setName(rs.getString(NAME_COLUMN));
customerCredit.setCredit(rs.getBigDecimal(CREDIT_COLUMN));
return customerCredit;
}
}
还可以和hibernate结合来读取数据,可以读取存储过程的数据,等等,具体可以参考spring batch文档
说好的自定义处理数据呢,比如我们把每个人的Credit加10.
@Component("customProcessor")
public class CustomProcessor implements
ItemProcessor<CustomerCredit, CustomerCredit> {
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager em;
@Override
public CustomerCredit process(CustomerCredit item) throws Exception {
System.out.println(new Date().toString()+"start to process");
if (item == null) {
return null;
}
try {
item = em.find(CustomerCredit.class, item.getId());
item.setCredit(item.getCredit().add(new BigDecimal(10)));
//find by id才可以persist (否则出现detached entity passed to persist)
em.persist(item);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return item;
}
}
每一步的处理,我们想看看结果,可以定制一个ItemReadListener
public class CustomStepListener implements ItemReadListener<CustomerCredit> 具体代码省略
修改module-context.xml
<batch:job id="job1">
<batch:step id="step1">
<batch:tasklet transaction-manager="transactionManager"
start-limit="100">
<batch:chunk reader="itemReade" writer="itemwriter" processor="customProcessor"
commit-interval="3" />
</batch:tasklet>
</batch:step>
</batch:job>
在META-INF下面加个persistence.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="1.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="spring" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<!--
<class>com.test.jpatest.model.Customer</class>
<class>com.test.jpatest.model.Address</class>
-->
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'exampleConfiguration': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRepository com.test.batch.ExampleConfiguration.jobRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jobRepository': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'transactionManager' while setting bean property 'transactionManager'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in class path resource [launch-context.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'entityManagerFactory' while setting bean property 'entityManagerFactory'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [launch-context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: No persistence unit with name 'spring' found
运行的时候遇到上面的错误,就是没有上面的配置的原因
org.springframework.transaction.InvalidIsolationLevelException: Standard JPA does not support custom isolation levels - use a special JpaDialect for your JPA implementation
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.DefaultJpaDialect.beginTransaction(DefaultJpaDialect.java:66)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.beginTransaction(HibernateJpaDialect.java:59)
遇到这样的错误,是因为默认的JPA不支持自定义的事物隔离级别。可以自定义一个CustomHibernateJpaDialect extends HibernateJpaDialect,具体代码没有列出,可以找下。
在用Quartz的时候遇到
Caused by: java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean has interface org.quartz.CronTrigger as super class
这个是由于网上的很多例子都是quartz版本稍旧的原因,我用的是quartz 2.1.7
错误:Jobs added with no trigger must be durable
<property name="durability" value="true" />
坑真的是不少,需要一个个解决。最后测试一下,是不是定时执行我们的job:
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String springConfig = "launch-context.xml";
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
springConfig);
}
}
祝你好运,能够成功。